Moed Katan 16

Chapter 16

א לפי שאין המת משתכח מן הלב שלשים יום מאי בינייהו איכא בינייהו דקעביד בחנם:
1 because the dead cannot be put out of mind and heart for [at least] thirty days. What practical difference is there between the two [explanations]? - There is [a difference] between them, where [say], the [professional] lamenter does it without a charge.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' According to the former view (of Rab) , even if performed gratis it may not be held, as the bitterness and grief are thereby being roused too tes near the festive time. Cf. Tosaf. s.v. ihfuf luf');"><sup>1</sup></span> <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>KUKIN<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' (plural of) are loculi, or recesses, excavated in the sides of a sepulchral cave. V. B.B. 100bff, (Sonc. ed. p. 421ff.)');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ב <big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> אין חופרין כוכין וקברות במועד אבל מחנכין את הכוכין במועד ועושין נברכת במועד וארון עם המת בחצר רבי יהודה אוסר אלא אם כן יש עמו נסרים:
2 AND BURIAL PLACES<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A sepulchral tomb, mausoleum, built above the ground.');"><sup>3</sup></span> MAY NOT BE DUG IN THE FESTIVAL [WEEK]: BUT KUKIN MAY BE ADAPTED<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., one of the loculi already excavated may be adapted to receive a particular corpse during the festival week. ,frcb');"><sup>4</sup></span> DURING THE FESTIVAL [WEEK] AND A NIBREKETH<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' seems to denote a kind of (stone) tank, or trough used by fullers in which they soaked and cleansed soiled woollens. Cf. B.B. 19a.');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ג <big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מאי כוכין ומאי קברות אמר רב יהודה כוכין בחפירה וקברות בבנין תניא נמי הכי אלו הן כוכין ואלו הן קברות כוכין בחפירה וקברות בבנין:
3 MAY BE MADE IN THE FESTIVAL [WEEK] AND A BOX, WITH THE DEAD [BODY] CLOSE BY IN THE COURT [YARD]: R'JUDAH FORBIDS, UNLESS THERE ARE SAWN BOARDS AT HAND. <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>What are KUKIN and what are BURIAL PLACES? - Said Rab Judah, kukin are [recesses made] by excavation and 'burial-places' [are structures made by] building. It is [actually] taught thus: 'These are kukin and these are burial places: Kukin, are [niches made] by excavation and 'burial places' are [structures made] by building'.
ד אבל מחנכין את הכוכין: כיצד מחנכין אמר רב יהודה שאם היה ארוך מקצרו במתניתא תנא מאריך בו ומרחיב בו:
4 BUT KUKIN MAY BE ADAPTED. How are they adapted? - Rab Judah said: If [for instance] one is [too] long it may be shortened. A.
ה ועושין נברכת כו': מאי נברכת אמר רב יהודה זו בקיע והתניא הנברכת והבקיע אמר אביי ואיתימא רב כהנא גיהא ובר גיהא:
5 Tanna taught: 'He lengthens or shortens [the recess] within<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tosef. M.K. I, 9.');"><sup>6</sup></span> [the cave]'. AND THEY [MAY] MAKE A NIBREKETH.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 42, n. 5. vfrc');"><sup>7</sup></span>
ו וארון עם המת בחצר: תנינא להא דתנו רבנן עושין כל צורכי המת גוזזין לו שערו ומכבסין לו כסותו ועושין לו ארון מנסרין המנוסרין מערב יו"ט רבן שמעון בן גמליאל אומר אף מביאין עצים ומנסרן בצינעא בתוך ביתו:
6 What is NIBREKETH?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This word (connected with - the fuller's trench or pool in Isa. VII, 3) is most probably of Assyrian origin as the form with initial N ,cfrn instead of M suggests, cf. with narkabtu. V. J.H.');"><sup>8</sup></span> - Rab Judah said: It is [the same as] bekia'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A small hollow creek.');"><sup>9</sup></span> But then, is it not taught: 'The nibreketh and the bekia' [etc.]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which shows that they are not identical.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
ז <big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> אין נושאין נשים במועד לא בתולות ולא אלמנות ולא מייבמין מפני ששמחה היא לו אבל מחזיר הוא את גרושתו
7 - Abaye, or as some say R'Kahana, replied [They have the same relation as] a trough and a troughlet.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit. , 'son of a trough'.');"><sup>11</sup></span> AND A RON WITH THE DEAD [BODY] CLOSE BY IN THE COURT [YARD]. We learn here what our Rabbis taught [elsewhere]: 'They [may] do all that the dead requires, they cut his hair and wash a garment for him and make him a box of boards that had been sawn on the day before the Festival.
ח ועושה אשה תכשיטיה במועד רבי יהודה אומר לא תסוד מפני שניוול הוא לה ההדיוט תופר כדרכו והאומן מכליב ומסרגין את המטות רבי יוסי אומר ממתחין:
8 Rabban Simeon B'Gamaliel says, they [may] even bring trees and he saws them [into] boards in his house, behind closed doors'. <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>ONE MAY NOT TAKE A WIFE DURING THE FESTIVAL [WEEK], WHETHER A VIRGIN OR A WIDOW, NOR EFFECT A LEVIRATE MARRIAGE,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The marriage of a deceased's brother's widow, if the deceased had died absolutely childless. This was an obligation on the brother to keep his deceased brother's memory alive. Deut. XXV, 5ff.');"><sup>12</sup></span> AS IT IS A REJOICING FOR THE GROOM; BUT ONE MAY REMARRY HIS DIVORCED WIFE.
ט <big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> וכי שמחה היא לו מאי הוי אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל וכן אמר רבי אלעזר אמר רבי אושעיא ואמרי לה אמר ר' אלעזר אמר ר' חנינא לפי שאין מערבין שמחה בשמחה רבה בר [רב] הונא אמר מפני שמניח שמחת הרגל ועוסק בשמחת אשתו
9 AND A WOMAN MAY MAKE HER ADORNMENTS IN THE FESTIVAL [WEEK]. R'JUDAH SAYS, SHE MAY NOT USE LIME,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As a depilatory.');"><sup>13</sup></span> AS THAT IS A [TEMPORARY] DISFIGUREMENT TO HER'AN ORDINARY PERSON SEWS IN THE USUAL WAY; BUT A CRAFTSMAN SEWS A TUCK-STITCH.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or with irregular stitches, like a dog's teeth. It means here that a craftsman should not do skilled work, only what is barely needed for the festival week.');"><sup>14</sup></span>
י אמר ליה אביי לרב יוסף הא דרבה בר [רב] הונא דרב הוא דאמר רב דניאל בר קטינא אמר רב מנין שאין נושאין נשים במועד שנאמר (דברים טז, יד) ושמחת בחגך בחגך ולא באשתך
10 AND THE CORDS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or girths that support the bedding.');"><sup>15</sup></span> IN BED-FRAMES MAY BE INTERLACED. R'JOSE SAYS, THEY MAY [ONLY] BE TIGHTENED.
יא עולא אמר מפני הטורח רבי יצחק נפחא אמר מפני ביטול פריה ורביה
11 <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>[A REJOICING FOR THE GROOM]. And if it is a rejoicing for him, what is amiss? - Said Rab Judah, as reporting Samuel, and so said R'Eleazar, as reporting R'Oshaia - and some say, R'Eleazar, as reporting R'Hanina: - It is [barred], because one 'rejoicing' may not be merged in another 'rejoicing'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the festival will lose its own significance in the marriage festivities.');"><sup>16</sup></span> Rabbah son of R'Huna said: It is [barred] because he abandons the 'rejoicing' of the festival and busies himself with that of his wife.
יב מיתיבי כל אלו שאמרו אסורין לישא במועד
12 Said Abaye to R'Joseph: That explanation of Rabbah son of R'Huna is the same as that given by Rab. For R'Daniel B'Kattina reporting Rab, said, Whence [is the ruling] that ONE MAY NOT TAKE A WIFE DURING THE FESTIVAL [WEEK]? For it is said, And thou shalt rejoice in thy feast,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. XVI, 14.');"><sup>17</sup></span> [that is,] in 'thy feast', but not with thy [new] wife [instead].' Ulla s [It is] because of the exertion [it occasions]. R'Isaac B'Nappaha said, Because it may cause a decline in marriage and parenthood.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., ' (the precept of) being fruitful and multiplying. If marriages were to be deferred till the festival season when people are free, there would be a likelihood that some might never take place at other times, apart from the congestion that such a practice might cause; and others might come to nothing because of the delay through innumerable other causes. Marriage and parenthood are a primary duty of man and should receive every consideration. Cf. Gen. I, 27-28; II, 18, 24; IX, 1; Isa. XLV, 18.');"><sup>18</sup></span> An objection was raised: 'All those who have been declared to be forbidden to take wives during the festival [week]
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